On 25 April 1945, the UN
Conference on International
Organizations began in San
Francisco. In addition to the
governments, a number of non-
governmental organizations were
invited to assist in drafting the
charter. The 50 nations represented
at the conference signed the
Charter of the United Nations two
months later on 26 June. Poland
had not been represented at the
conference, but a place had been
reserved for it among the original
signatories, and it added its name
later.
The UN came into existence on 24
October 1945, after the Charter had been
ratified by the five permanent members
of the UN Security Council—the Republic
of China, France, the Soviet Union, the
United Kingdom, and the United States—
and by a majority of the other 46
signatories. That these countries are the
permanent members of the Security
Council, and have veto power on any
Security Council resolution, reflects that
they are the main victors of World War II
or their successor states: the People's
Republic of China replaced the Republic
of China in 1971 and Russia replaced the
Soviet Union in 1991.
With the addition of Montenegro on 28 June 2006, there are
192 United Nations member states, including virtually all
internationally-recognized independent states
The United Nations Charter outlines the rules for membership:
1. Membership in the United Nations is open to all other peace-
loving states which accept the obligations contained in the present
Charter and, in the judgment of the Organization, are able and
willing to carry out these obligations.
2. The admission of any such state to membership in the United
Nations will be effected by a decision of the General Assembly upon
the recommendation of the Security Council.
2. The admission of any such state to membership in the United
Nations will be effected by a decision of the General Assembly upon
the recommendation of the Security Council.
The Group of 77 at the UN is a loose coalition of developing nations,
designed to promote its members' collective economic interests and
create an enhanced joint negotiating capacity in the United Nations.
There were 77 founding members of the organization, but the
organization has since expanded to 130 member countries.
The group was founded on 15 June 1964 by the "Joint Declaration
of the Seventy-Seven Countries" issued at the United Nations
Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
The UN has six official languages: Arabic, Chinese, English,
French, Russian and Spanish
Arabi
c
Chines
e
Spanish
English
Russia
n
French
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